Fala aí

I’m kinda sad!

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Kinda sorta

Hi everyone! The other day I used “kinda“ in a post, which was really appropriate. I think it’s about time for me to tell you what it means. Listen carefully to the following video.

Então, existem duas maneiras diferentes de usar estas palavras em inglês. A primeira é usar kind, sort e type quando você está falando sobre diferentes categorias ou grupos de coisas. E a segunda maneira de usar kind e sort (mas não type) é ao expressar incerteza sobre algo.

1. KIND OF, SORT OF, TYPE OF: CATEGORIAS OU GRUPOS

Essas palavras sempre vêm acompanhadas da preposição “of”: kind of, sort of, e type of . Exemplos:

1. What type of music do you like? (Que tipo de música você gosta?)

2. What are the different kinds of spices in this cake? (Quais são os diferentes tipos de condimentos desse bolo?)

3. That magazine prints fake news and all sorts of other rubbish. (Aquela revista publica notícias falsas e todo tipo de besteira.)

2. KINDA, SORTA: ESTABELECER INCERTEZA

Kind + of = kinda e sort + of = sorta. Essas palavras são usadas no geral para expressar a ideia de “um pouco” ou “meio”. Podemos também usá-las para estabelecer incerteza ou quando achamos que a nossa opinião poderá ofender alguém.

1. Mm, I’m kinda cold, could you please close the window? (Estou com um pouquinho de frio, você poderia fechar a janela?)

2. Do you like tomatoes? Mm, sorta. (Você gosta de tomates? Mais ou menos.)

3. “KINDA-SORTA”: MARCA DE UMA GERAÇÃO MAIS JOVEM

Essa expressão às vezes significa um pouco (1) e outras vezes muito (2). Também, pode mostrar indecisão (3) ou ser usada quando você está com preguiça (4). Independente da forma como é usada, essa expressão é muito popular hoje em dia, então é importante conhecê-la. Essa expressão é usada de diversas maneiras:

1. Who is that actor? / Oh, he used to be kinda-sorta famous back in the 90s. (Quem é aquele ator? / Ah, ele costumava ser um pouco famoso nos anos 90.)

2. How’s my writing paper? / Um, it still kinda-sorta needs some work. (Como está minha redação? / Hum, ainda precisa de muitas melhoras.)

3. So, are you guys, like, together? / Well, we’re kinda-sorta boyfriend/girlfriend. (Então, vocês dois estão, tipo, juntos? / Bem, nós somos meio que namorados.)

4. Do you wanna go out tonight? / Mm…kinda-sorta, not really, maybe, but yeah, okay. (Você quer sair hoje à noite? / Humm, mais ou menos, não muito, talvez, mas tá, ok.)

That’s it! Em que situações você usa kind, sort ou type na sua vida? Please, share it with me!

My daughter and “I” or “me”?

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It depends.

  • MY DAUGHTER AND I had a great time together.
  • THEY PREPARED A NICE DINNER FOR MY DAUGHTER AND ME.

A SUBJECT PRONOUN is the PERFORMER of the action in a sentence.

The OBJECT PRONOUN is the RECEIVER of the action in a sentence.

“I” is a Subject Pronoun, and “ME” is an Object Pronoun. 

  • I like chocolate.
  • The call is for me.

ONE SUBJECT OR OBJECT:

  • I called Steve.
  • I talked to Mary.
  • Steve called me.
  • Mary talked to me.
  • These shoes are too big for me.

CLUE 1  AFTER A PREPOSITION, use an OBJECT PRONOUN

We get confused when we use a PRONOUN IN A PAIR, which it’s called:

MULTIPLE OR COMPOUND SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS:

  • Sarah and I are friends.
  • The gift is from Sarah and me.

CLUE 1 after a preposition, use an object pronoun

CLUE 2 REMOVE the OTHER PERSON

  • The gift is from me.

IMPORTANT: IT IS CONSIDERED POLITE TO MENTION ONESELF LAST IN DOUBLE SUBJECTS OR OBJECTS

  • Bob and I had lunch.
  • They promoted Bob and me.

NOTICE that it is possible that the object comes in the beginning of the sentence.

It is me who proofread the content before it was submitted.

CLUE 3 very often, AFTER THE VERB TO BE WE USE THE OBJECT PRONOUN

  • It is you and me in this old photo.
  • I am me, and you are you.
  • That person over there is me in the photo.

LISTENING AND PRACTICE 1

PRACTICE 2  https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-27939.php

PRACTICE 3  https://www.grammarbook.com/grammar_quiz/i_vs_me.asp

DIVIDED USAGE Some forms have always existed in the language, but have been eradicated by eighteenth and nineteenth century British grammarians, often because they thought that English grammar should imitate Latin, which was considered a superior language. Examples:

  • John and me went to the cinema.
  • between you and I

People are now more tolerant of such forms, so they are becoming more common.

They are, however, restricted to a very informal style. They are not correct in formal speech or writing.

What’s the weather like?

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At each change of the season, people notice that, feel and talk even more about the weather. They commonly ask about it by saying:

  • How’s the weather?
  • What’s the weather like?
  • What’s it like outside? (What’s the weather like outside?)
  • What’s the temperature?
  • What’s the weather forecast?
  • What’s the forecast for tomorrow?

We usually use IT IS when we talk about the weather. We use:

It is + adjective or It is + verb-ing

For example:

  • It is rainy.
  • It is raining.

What is the difference?

It is + adjective = A description of the weather

  • It is rainy …. it is describing the weather. How is the weather? It is rainy.

It is + verb-ing = This type of weather is happening now.

  • It is raining …. What is happening now? It is raining.

Let’s look at more examples of these.

It is + adjective

It is + adjective  = A description of the weather

  • It is sunny.
  • It is cloudy.
  • It is windy.
  • It is foggy.

Notice how a lot of weather adjectives end in Y: sunny, cloudy, windy, foggy.

But adjectives to describe temperature don’t normally end in Y:

  • It is hot.
  • It is warm.
  • It is cool.
  • It is cold.

It is + a + adjective + day

Now let’s look at this again… It is hot.

We can give a little more information by using:
It is + a + adjective + day
Or instead of the word day, you can specify the part of the day like morning, afternoon, night, etc.

  • So, It is hot … becomes …
  • It is a hot day.

Another example:

  • It is cold … becomes …
  • it is a cold morning. (Here I specify the part of the day)

Now let’s look at using the verb-ing to describe the weather.

It is + verb-ing

Remember, this describes the type of weather happening now.

  • It is raining.
  • It is snowing.
  • It is hailing.

These three actions are happening now.

IT IS in different tenses

You can also use it is in different tenses.
For example the past tense, perfect tense, present tense, future tense, etc.

  • It was sunny yesterday. (past tense)
  • It has been sunny all week. (perfect tense)
  • It is sunny today. (present tense)
  • It will be sunny tomorrow. (future tense)

Question for you

What is the weather like where you are right now?

‘Home’, ‘at home’ and ‘from home’

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A student said: “I’ve just arrived at home.”

Home or at home?

His sentence isn’t fine. It should be:

“I’VE JUST ARRIVED HOME.”

Home in this example is behaving like an adverb expressing direction. We do not need a preposition with home when it is used with any verb referring to direction:

  • I will ARRIVE / GO / COME / LEAVE home late this evening.

Note that most verbs expressing direction require the preposition to before the noun:

  • I ran to the theatre so that I wouldn’t be late.
  • I’m going to walk to work from now on. It’s healthier.

Now, once you arrive home, then you are at home, and no more direction is suggested, so at is then the appropriate preposition to use with home:

  • Will you be at home tonight, or are you going out? ~ No, I’ll be at home.

However, even here, at is often omitted, especially in American English.

So AT HOME / FROM HOME / GO HOME / LEAVE HOME are common fixed expressions with prepositions where no article is required:

  • Working from home continues to be a popular choice among employees, even after the pandemic.

PRACTICE 1 – LISTENING: Listen to vocabulary related to working from home, from announcements to buying and setting up computers to work from home.

PRACTICE 2 – SPEAKING: answer the questions

  1. Three years later, what’s the future of remote work?
  2. What kind of work environment do you think employees expect in 2023?
  3. Do you think remote workers are more productive than the ones working in an office?

Studies show promising results for hybrid work, especially for those who enjoy face-to-face interactions and the excitement of office environments.