At each change of the season, people notice that, feel and talk even more about the weather. They commonly ask about it by saying:

• How’s the weather?
• What’s the weather like?
• What’s it like outside? (What’s the weather like outside?)
• What’s the temperature?
• What’s the weather forecast?
• What’s the forecast for tomorrow?

We usually use IT IS when we talk about the weather. We use:

It is + adjective or It is + verb-ing

For example:

• It is rainy.
• It is raining.

What is the difference?

It is + adjective = A description of the weather

• It is rainy …. it is describing the weather. How is the weather? It is rainy.

It is + verb-ing = This type of weather is happening now.

• It is raining …. What is happening now? It is raining.

Let’s look at more examples of these.

It is + adjective

It is + adjective  = A description of the weather

• It is sunny.
• It is cloudy.
• It is windy.
• It is foggy.

Notice how a lot of weather adjectives end in Y: sunny, cloudy, windy, foggy.

But adjectives to describe temperature don’t normally end in Y:

• It is hot.
• It is warm.
• It is cool.
• It is cold.

It is + a + adjective + day

Now let’s look at this again… It is hot.

We can give a little more information by using:
It is + a + adjective + day
Or instead of the word day, you can specify the part of the day like morning, afternoon, night, etc.

• So, It is hot … becomes …
• It is a hot day.

Another example:

• It is cold … becomes …
• it is a cold morning. (Here I specify the part of the day)

Now let’s look at using the verb-ing to describe the weather.

It is + verb-ing

Remember, this describes the type of weather happening now.

• It is raining.
• It is snowing.
• It is hailing.

These three actions are happening now.

IT IS in different tenses

You can also use it is in different tenses.
For example the past tense, perfect tense, present tense, future tense, etc.

• It was sunny yesterday. (past tense)
• It has been sunny all week. (perfect tense)
• It is sunny today. (present tense)
• It will be sunny tomorrow. (future tense)

Question for you

What is the weather like where you are right now?

In this lesson, you are going to learn some adjectives that describe you moods (emotional states), that is, you will learn to express how you are feeling: sad, angry, anxious, and much more.

Imagine the following situation: you met a friend you haven’t seen in a while and, when you say hello (“Hey, how are you?”), He replies (check here for answers): “Oh, I’m OK, but I’m feeling a little bit cranky ”. What do you imagine he means? Is he bored? Tired out? No, no, cranky means “grumpy”. Do you know when you don’t sleep well and wake up angry? So that’s it!

Now, let’s see some more mood adjectives:

Angry (nervoso, bravo)
I’m angry because the bus is late.

Anxious (ansioso, com o coração apertado)
She’s feeling anxious due to the presentation.

Ashamed (envergonhado)
That woman just fell on the street. I bet she is feeling ashamed right now.

Bored (entediado)
Rainy Sundays get me so bored.

Calm (calmo)
They fought yesterday but they seem to be calm now.

Confident (confiante)
My brother studied so hard for the test. He’s confident he will pass.

Confused (confuso)
I’m feeling a little bit confused.

Depressed (deprimido)
After seeing that movie we all got a little depressed.

Disappointed (decepcionado)
His boss was disappointed with his project.

Embarrassed (envergonhado)
Stop it! I get so embarrassed when you do this.

Excited (entusiasmado)
Wow! The new X-Men movie is out. I’m so excited!

Exhausted (exausto)
After hours on the bus, I’m exhausted.

Frustrated (frustrado)
Her sister got so frustrated when she heard about that rumour.

Happy, cheerful (feliz)
She’s feeling more cheerful today. I got a promotion at work! I’m so happy right now!

Impatient (impaciente)
Wow, that man must be really impatient, he is pushing everyone around.

Jealous (ciumento)
Every time he checks her facebook page, he gets jealous.

Lazy (preguiçoso)
I feel so lazy right now. I think I’ll order a pizza.

Lonely (solitário)
There’s no one at home and she’s feeling lonely.

Moody (mal-humorado)
My father woke up so moody today. I bet he had a nightmare.

Nervous (nervoso, ansioso)
He gets nervous before tests.

Relaxed (tranquilo)
When you start doing yoga, you get more relaxed each day.

Relieved (aliviado)
She felt relieved when she saw the test had been cancelled.

Sad (triste)
He told me he was sad because his dog passed away.

Scared (assustado)
The little boy got scared when he saw the lion at the zoo.

Shocked (chocado)
My uncle told me he was shocked after the robbery.

Shy (tímido,envergonhado, reservado) He was a quiet, shy man.

Tense (tenso)
When I left home, my wife was feeling so tense. She has a job interview today.

Tired (cansado)
After a long day of work, I get so tired.

Touched, moved (emocionado)
He was touched by the music. I got touched reading that book you lent me.

Uncomfortable (desconfortável, sem graça, sem jeito)
I got uncomfortable when they started fighting in front of me.

Weird (estranho)
I don’t know, I’m feeling weird.

So now you know how to express what you feel in English in a more diverse way. Remember to use the verb to be to speak how you are. You can also choose to use the verb to feel, which means “sentir(-se)” and to get with the sense of “tornar(-se)”, “alterar o estado”.