To talk about types of material or to say what something consists of, we often use is made, which is the passive form of make.

There are a few different prepositions commonly used after is made, each expressing something slightly different.

First, let’s look at the difference between of and from, i.e. is made of versus is made from.

Made of

We use made of when we talk about the basic material or qualities of something. It has a meaning similar to ‘composed of’:

• Lego is made of plastic.
• All of their furniture is made of oak.

Made from

We usually use made from when we talk about how something is manufactured:

• • Glass is made from sand. Glass is made of sand.
  • Paper is made from wood. Paper is made of wood.

Other prepositions after is made

You may have heard someone say that something is made out of something. We usually use made out of when we talk about something that has been changed or transformed from one thing into another:

• • • The exhibition had miniature cars and buses made entirely out of chocolate.
    • All the exhibits were made out of ice.

Made of is also possible in the two examples above.

Here are some hands made out of paper – making planes out of paper.

We use made with most often to talk about the ingredients of food and drink:

• • • She always makes her soups with lots of pepper and spices.
    • It’s best to make drinking chocolate with full-fat milk.

Finally, there is made up of, which means consist of:

• • Phrasal verbs are made up of verbs and adverbs.
  • Our presentation today is made up of three sections: ‘Company History’, ‘Today’, and ‘Our Future’.

What if I use the wrong preposition?

As you can see, the differences are sometimes very subtle. The good news is that if you use the wrong preposition after is made, people will still usually understand you. And as I mentioned above, in some cases the prepositions are interchangeable.

Feel free to leave a comment by clicking on the bubble above. Thanks!

http://speakspeak.com/grammar-articles/made-of-made-from

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/word-order-and-focus/made-from-made-of-made-out-of-made-with

No and not are the two most common words we use to indicate negation.

No refers to a noun (used before a noun without an article) and it is usually used to mean something like not any or not a/an. No tells you there are zero of something:

No students joined the program. (= There weren’t any students who joined the program.)

No man is perfect. (= There aren’t any perfect men.)

She has got no children. (= She hasn’t got any children.)

Not always refers to a verb which it negates, to show the opposite of an action. We use not with any other phrase or clause.

He is not cooking dinner tonight.

You cannot go to Jack’s house.

Not suitable for children under 15.

A:

Do you go cycling all year round?

B:

Not in the winter.

Not: No in the winter.

We often use no to respond to a yes-no question, or to agree with a negative statement:

A:

Do you need anything from the shops?

B:

No. I went earlier, thanks.

A:

He’s not going to get any better.

B:

No. You’re right.

We use no and not in some common fixed expressions:

A:

When you see Alan, can you give him this letter?

B:

Yes sure, no problem.

She had no idea what time they were arriving.

It’s no good standing around watching. Do something!

You’ve got no chance of getting a ticket now. They’re all sold out.

It’s not worth taking a taxi. We can walk.

In some cases the structures verb + not and no + noun can have similar meanings.

There wasn’t any reply. = There was no reply.

No is used with:

Adjectives preceding a noun without an article

I checked the website, but there are no red dresses.

There were no late trains today.

The school has no bad teachers.

Before verbal nouns (ending in -ing)

No smoking.

No playing in the street!

No texting during school!

Not is used with:

Nouns with an article, which are preceded by an adjective, and adjectives on their own

I liked the pink dress, but not the red one.

He is not a teacher; he is a student.

Josh is not friendly.

Before any, much, many, or enough

Not many amateur astronomers can afford the equipment necessary to study the nova.

There is not much budget left for another trial.

Exercise

Complete the following sentences with no or not.

1. We have …………………… .. money.

2. It is …………………. true.

3. He is …………………. stupid.

4. Now you see me, now you do ………………….

5. She has got…………………. friends.

6. She has ……………… got any money.

7. I can ……………….. come to your party tonight.

8. The store has …………….. ice cream!

9. It’s ……………. an impossible dream.

10. Kelly does ……………… read slowly.

Answers

1. We have no money.

2. It is not true.

3. He is no stupid.

4. Now you see me, now you do not.

5. She has got no friends.

6. She has not got any money.

7. I can not come to your party tonight.

8. The store has no ice cream!

9. It’s not an impossible dream.

10. Kelly does not read slowly.

So if you liked this post, leave me a comment to tell me what was so great about it!

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/no-vs-not

https://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/nonot.html

https://www.englishgrammar.org/difference-2/

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/no-or-not

Hi everyone!! This is great!! I believe that studying the Present Perfect is a significant milestone in the learning process of a student! So I’m gonna introduce you to the Present Perfect through this video!

The Present Perfect tense connects the past with the present. When using this verb tense, we can be talking about an action or event that occurred in the past but will be referring to how it relates to the present. So when I say: “I’ve lived in the US for 10 years”, it would mean the same as if I have said: “That’s why I know a lot about English.”

We use the present perfect:

1  When describing certain life experiences. To describe actions and events which occurred in the past, which are also of particular importance in the present moment.

2  To describe changes over a period of time. To describe events which occurred gradually and over time in the past, especially when these had a lasting influence on the present.

3  To describe accomplishments and milestones, especially big ones, usually have a lasting influence on the present.

4  To describe actions or events that started in the past and that are still occurring, but which began in the past.

Next is a more informal video. I like this guy because he talks from a perspective of someone who is learning Portuguese. So it’s very nice!