Vocabulary

Elections III

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Este post tem a intenção de reunir todo o vocabulário direta ou indiretamente relacionado ao universo da política e das eleições, em um só lugar para facilitar sua busca e para você conseguir conversar com desenvoltura em inglês, sobre o processo eleitoral e as eleições em si. A postagem anterior, apresentou uma introdução à este vocabulário.

  • Antecessor = PREDECESSOR
  • Apuração = COUNTING; TALLYING
  • Assumir (cargo) = TO TAKE OFFICE
  • Atual (ocupante do cargo) = INCUMBENT
  • Autoridades = OFFICIALS, GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
  • Cabine de votação = VOTING BOOTH
  • Caixa 2 = SLUSH FUND
  • Câmara de Deputados = HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, LOWER HOUSE, HOUSE
  • Candidato = CANDIDATE
  • Candidato de oposição = OPPOSITION CANDIDATE
  • Cédula = BALLOT
  • Chapa eleitoral = TICKET
  • Chefe da Casa Civil = CHIEF OF STAFF
  • Colégio eleitoral = ELECTORAL COLLEGE
  • Comício = (POLITICAL) RALLY
  • Compadrio = CRONYISM
  • Concorrer a cargo eletivo = RUN FOR OFFICE
  • Debate = DEBATE
  • Debate presidencial = PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE
  • Delação premiada = TO TURN STATE’S EVIDENCE (em contextos jurídicos); PLEA BARGAIN (público leigo)
  • Deputado/a = REPRESENTATIVE, CONGRESSMAN / CONGRESSWOMAN (U.S.); MP, MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT(U.K.); DEPUTY (em referência a outros países)
  • Discurso de posse = INAUGURAL ADDRESS
  • Disputar eleição = RUN FOR OFFICE
  • Eleição = ELECTION
  • Eleitor = VOTER
  • Embaixador = AMBASSADOR; MR. AMBASSADOR
  • Embaixadora = AMBASSADOR; MADAM AMBASSADOR
  • Esquema de corrupção = KICKBACK SCHEME
  • Ex = FORMER
  • Fazer o juramento = TO TAKE THE OATH OF OFFICE
  • Gabinete = CABINET
  • Governador/a = GOVERNOR
  • Governo + (Nome de Presidente) = THE (PRESIDENT’S NAME) ADMINISTRATION
  • Ibope = POLL; PRESTIGE
  • Juramento = OATH
  • Lavagem de dinheiro = MONEY LAUNDERING
  • Laranja = FRONT MAN; STOOGE
  • Mandato = TERM
  • Ministério = MINISTRY; DEPARTMENT (U.S.)
  • Ministro = MINISTER; SECRETARY (U.S.)
  • Ministro do Supremo = (SUPREME COURT) JUSTICE
  • Ministro-Chefe da Casa Civil = CHIEF OF STAFF
  • Nomear = APPOINT
  • Nomeação = APPOINTMENT
  • Ocupante (de cargo) = INCUMBENT
  • Oposição = OPPOSITION; OPPOSITION PARTIES
  • Órgão (do governo) = (GOVERNMENT) AGENCY
  • Parlamentar = REPRESENTATIVE, MEMBER OF CONGRESS, CONGRESSMAN, CONGRESSWOMAN
  • Parlamento = PARLIAMENT
  • Partidário = SUPPORTER
  • Partido = PARTY
  • Partido da situação = RULING PARTY
  • Pesquisa de boca de urna = EXIT POLLS
  • Pesquisa de opinião = POLL
  • Política = POLICY (norma, diretriz); POLITICS (política, ciência política)
  • Político = POLITICIAN (n.); POLITICAL (adj.)
  • Posse = INAUGURATION
  • Prefeito/a = MAYOR
  • Presidenta = FEMALE PRESIDENT
  • Presidente = PRESIDENT
  • Presidente da Câmara = SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE
  • Presidente do Supremo = CHIEF JUSTICE
  • Presidente eleito = PRESIDENT-ELECT
  • Primeira Dama = FIRST LADY
  • Propina = KICKBACK, GRAFT
  • Reeleição = REELECTION
  • Seção eleitoral = POLLING STATION
  • Segundo turno = RUNOFF
  • Senado = SENATE
  • Senador/a = SENATOR
  • Ser empossado/a = TO BE INAUGURATED
  • Suborno = GRAFT, KICKBACK
  • Tática obstrucionista = FILIBUSTER
  • Tomar posse = TO TAKE OFFICE
  • Urna = BALLOT BOX
  • Vereador/a = COUNCIL MEMBER, COUNCILMAN, COUNCILWOMAN; ALDERMAN; COUNCILLOR
  • Vice-Presidente = VICE-PRESIDENT
  • Votar (o ato em si) = TO CAST A VOTE
  • Votar em + nome do/a candidato/a = VOTE FOR + CANDIDATE’S NAME
  • Votar em branco = TO CAST A BLANK VOTE
  • Voto = VOTE
  • Voto de protesto = PROTEST VOTE
  • Voto em branco = BLANK
  • Voto nulo = NONE OF THE ABOVE, NULL, SPOILED
  • Zona eleitoral = ELECTORAL DISTRICT

Quer saber por que Sócrates, o fundador da Filosofia Grega, na qual a Democracia surgiu, era tão pessimista com relação à ela? Veja aqui.  Veja também postagens anteriores sobre eleições aqui, aqui, aqui e aqui.

Informações sobre as eleições acesse http://www.tse.jus.br/

Fonte da postagem http://www.teclasap.com.br/eleicoes/

Elections II

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General elections in Brazil are so close now, scheduled to be held on 7 October. We’ve started talking about it here. Now, find a list of some useful vocabulary for you to start discussing this in English.

Useful Vocabulary  

campaign (n) In an election a campaign is an organized effort which seeks to win the vote of the electorate. Often called a ‘political campaign’ or an ‘election campaign’.

campaign (v) The things a candidate does to be elected. (kissing babies, shaking hands, giving speeches, etc.)

candidate (n) The person who is running in an election

coalition (n) If there’s no outright winner in an election a government can be formed in which several parties cooperate.

debate (n) A formal discussion of the merits of something.

debate (v) To argue for and against something.

elect (v) The act of voting to select the winner of a political office.

election (n)The formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office.

electorate (n) The people who are eligible to vote in an election.

government (n) The political body with the power to make and/or enforce laws for a country.

party (n) An organization formed to gain political power.

political (adj) Related to politics.

politician (n) A person active in politics.

politics (n) The process by which governments make decisions.

run (v) To campaign to stand for a political position.

Speaking

  • Have you voted, yet?
  • Are you going to vote?
  • Which party are you voting for?*
  • Who are you going to vote for?*
  • Who got the most votes?

*Be careful about asking this.  For many people, voting is a personal matter.

https://www.learnenglish.de/vocabulary/elections.html

What are you afraid of?

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I first published this video about two years ago. It’s awesome! The message is great! And besides, it’s so rich in language! Here you can find a lot of the things we’ve been learning lately!

A new week is starting, so take the time to watch it and notice everything we’ve been talking about here. If you carefully do your homework, I’m sure you’ll benefit a lot from it!

[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkS27071d6w?version=3&rel=1&fs=1&autohide=2&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&wmode=opaque]

“You can not go back and make a brand new beginning…

but you can start now a make a brand new ending…”

“My friend has got ALS…

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“My friend has got ALS but he’s the happiest guy on earth!”

That’s what I’ve heard from a student of mine. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a specific disease (=illness) which causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles. It’s a degenerative disease.

So it came up the need to learn how to talk about illnesses.

health-problems (1)

Find below two good videos to introduce you to this matter. Listen carefully and make notes of what you hear.

 

Between or among?

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But let’s take a closer look at these two commonly confused words.

We use between to refer to two things which are clearly separated. We use among to talk about things which are not clearly separated because they are part of a group or crowd or mass of objects:

When to Use Between

There’s a common and oddly persistent belief that between should be used only when there are two elements, and among should be used when there are more than two elements. But this rule is a myth—or, to be more charitable, it’s a great oversimplification. You can use between when there are more than two elements involved:

He had to choose between a bicycle, a train set, a pair of sneakers, and a new backpack for his birthday present.

Our holiday house is between the mountains and the sea. (the mountains are on one side and the sea is on the other)

The ancient fountain was hidden among the trees. (surrounded by trees)

In fact, you can use between for any number of elements, as long as all the elements are separate and distinct. According to The Chicago Manual of Style, you can even use between when “multiple one-to-one relationships are understood from the context”:

Negotiations between the member states collapsed last night.

When describing spatial relationships, between usually means in the middle of something, or in the space restricted by something:

He drove too quickly between the cars.

When to Use Among

Among is used when talking about people or things that are not distinct and are viewed as a group:

There wasn’t much unity among the council members.

Among could indicate that something belongs to a group:

She only ever felt comfortable when she was among her friends.

When referring to spatial relationships, among tells us that something is surrounded by something else:

Paula always wanted to go swimming among dolphins.

Examples

Palumbo Group is planning on creating an offshore hub between Malta and Tenerife and strengthening collaboration between the two islands following talks it had with Tenerife’s port authority president this week.
Times of Malta
In my last article I wrote about the difference between AI and Machine Learning (ML).
Forbes
The 59th Annual Grammy nominees were announced Tuesday morning, and while familiar names appeared among the five Latin music categories, there were also some nice surprises.
NPR
Among the big-ticket items, one that is set to put a spell on buyers is that of Walt Disney’s last will and testament

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/between-or-among

https://www.grammarly.com/blog/between-among/