Author: andreaalthoff

Carnival – Vocabulary

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Carnival in Brazil is part of Brazilian culture and starts on the Friday before Ash Wednesday and ends on Ash Wednesday at noon. 

It’s a big celebration of the food and pleasures one has to give up during Lent. 

Because the celebrations happen during Brazil’s summer, the ambiance is perfect for massive parties. There is even a common saying in Brazil that “the year starts only after Carnival,” referring to the number of people that take their holidays between New Year’s and Carnival, a national holiday.

How about learning the main words about carnival in English? Listen to pronunciation and note the words, not on the lists below.

Vocabulário geral

EnglishPortuguês
Street CarnivalCarnaval de rua
Samba schools paradeDesfile das escolas de samba
CostumesFantasias
RevelerFolião
Carnival blocksBlocos de Carnaval
Carnival warm-upEsquenta de Carnaval
CostumeFantasia
SequinLantejoula
FeathersPenas

Nas escolas de samba

EnglishPortuguês
ChoreographyCoreografia
SambadromeSambódromo
Flag bearerPorta-bandeira
Drum sectionAla da bateria
Drum section queenRainha da bateria
FloatsCarros alegóricos
Revelers / ParadersParticipantes ou público dos desfiles
Wing / SectionAla
SuitesCamarotes
RehearsalsEnsaios
Access groupGrupo de acesso
Special groupGrupo especial
Parade of championsDesfile das campeãs

Extra

  • Band on a float – Trio elétrico
  • Carnival ball – Baile de Carnaval
  • Carnival marchs – Marchinhas de Carnaval
  • Commission of front – Comissão de frente
  • Revelry – Folia
  • Samba schools rehersals – Ensaios das escolas de samba
  • Samba-plot/story – Samba–enredo

Sobre as datas

EnglishPortuguês
HolidayFeriado
Mardi Gras / Fat TuesdayTerça-feira de Carnaval
Ash WednesdayQuarta-feira de Cinzas
LentQuaresma

Verbos úteis

EnglishPortuguês
(To) celebrate CarnivalPular Carnaval
(To) dress up asVestir-se de
(To) paradeDesfilar
(To) sambaSambar

Frases úteis

  • Where are you celebrating the carnival? Onde você vai pular o carnaval?
  • Are you going to parade in a street block this year? Você vai desfilar em algum bloco de rua esse ano?
  • The revelers of the drum section are wearing beautiful costumes! Os foliões da ala de bateria estão usando fantasias lindas!
  • Let’s go to the bleachers to watch the parade of champions. Vamos para as arquibancadas para vermos o desfile das campeãs.

Now, marchinhas em inglês

Have fun!

Do you celebrate Carnival?

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The world’s biggest carnival celebrations happen in Brazil. In Rio and São Paulo, the samba schools (escolas de samba) offer the famous parades (desfiles) in the Sambódromo, with thousands of members and spectacularly decorated floats (carros alegóricos) demonstrating specific themes.

During carnival, groups of dancers and street bands called blocks (blocos) parade the streets with many of the revelers (foliões) wearing costumes (fantasias).

Another popular feature of carnival, especially in Salvador, is the trio elétrico – band on a float, a huge truck, adapted with giant speakers and a stage on top, where musicians and singers perform to the delight of thousands of fans who follow the truck as it goes slowly through the streets.

Throughout the country, many clubs also arrange carnival balls (bailes).

The state of Pernambuco is famous for its carnival celebrations and the styles of music and dancing (Frevo and Maracatu). According to The Guinness Book of Records, Recife hosts the largest carnival parade in the world, known as the Galo da Madrugada – Lit. the cock or rooster (US) at daybreak, which takes place in the center of Recife on the Saturday of carnival.

Okay, so whether you celebrate carnival (pular o carnaval) by partying noisily or relaxing quietly at home, do what makes you happy!

Source: Break the Branch? Quebrar o Galho – Common, Everyday Words and Phrases in Brazilian Portuguese, de Jack Scholes, Disal Editora, 2008. http://www.teclasap.com.br/como-se-fala-pular-carnaval-em-ingles/

To pass away

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RIP

Pass away transmite o sentido de morrer ou falecer. É possível usar o verbo to die em vez do phrasal verb, porém pass away é uma forma mais delicada de se referir à tal situação:

Brazilian leader passes away.
Líder brasileiro morre.
(Aqui você vê a estrutura na terceira pessoa – He passes away)

Brazil superfan passes away aged 60.
Superfã do Brasil morre com 60 anos.

Before they pass away.
Antes que eles morram.

On 31 August 1997, Diana, Princess of Wales passed away.
Em 31 de agosto de 1997, Diana, princesa de Gales faleceu.
(Gostaria de lembrar que o exemplo acima e os que seguem abaixo estão no passado simples, por isso você vê passed away)

Ludovic Boumbas passed away after running towards a gunman.
Ludovic Boumbas faleceu após correr em direção a um homem armado.

How many Americans passed away in the Paris attacks?
Quantos Americanos morreram nos ataques em Paris?

He passed away in the arms of his friend.
Ele morreu nos braços do amigo.

Saudi King Abdullah passed away.
O rei saudita Abdullah faleceu.

Pass away também pode ser utilizado no sentido figurado, indicando que algo já não existe mais:

Remembering joys that have passed away.
Recordando alegrias que acabaram.
(Que já se foram)

Click here to listen to these examples.

Go through a difficult time

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Phrasal verbs são estruturas muito importantes na língua inglesa. Elas tornam a fala mais natural, e devem ser compreendidas dentro de um contexto.

E esse phrasal verb, go through, é usado em vários contextos. Veja:

Experienciar

Passar por/pelo; atravessar uma situação difícil ou desagradável:

They’re going through a divorce. Eles estão passando por um divórcio.

I went through a hard time last year. Eu atravessei um período difícil ano passado.

We had to go through that experience to learn the lesson. Tivemos que passar por aquela experiência para aprender a lição.

Processo

How to go through customs in the U.S? Como passar pela alfândega nos Estados Unidos?

Everybody has to go through immigration. Todos precisam passar pela imigração.

Examinar, verificar, discutir

First of all let’s go through the checklist. Antes de tudo, vamos passar pelo check-list.

He went through all the channels a thousand times! Ele passou por todos os canais mil vezes!

Go through the documents before sending them to the lawyer. Verifique os documentos antes de enviá-los ao advogado.

Let me go through that paperwork. Deixe-me verificar aquela documentação.

Busca; vasculhar, revirar

They went through my belongings at the airport. Eles vasculharam meus pertences no aeroporto.

The policeman went through my pockets and baggage. O policial revirou meus bolsos e malas.

He found out somebody had gone through his emails. Ele descobriu que alguém havia vasculhado seus e-mails.

Praticar

Let’s go through the routine from the top. Vamos repassar a coreografia do começo. 

Viram como essa expressão é versátil? Agora é só praticar criando sentenças a partir de sua realidade.

Para escutar estas e outras sentenças com go through, clique aqui.

E para ver a versão em inglês desta lição, clique aqui.

Long time no see! We have a lot of catching up to do.

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Learning language from students’ genuine experiences and interests create authentic learning opportunities, from their contexts, for using and developing their English skills.

Teaching approaches and methodologies must create authentic opportunities for students to communicate and express their opinions.

So, the first thing I like to do when I meet my students is to catch up on the things that have happened to them since the last time we met.

The first meaning of the phrase to catch up, in the literal sense (/ kætʃ / caught / caught), is to walk faster or run to catch up to someone. 

But, the figurative meaning of to catch up, is to talk with someone you know and you have not seen for some time to find out what they have been doing, or to exchange or to learn the latest news or information.

  • Let’s have a coffee next week and catch up.
  • By the time coffee came, John and Paul had already caught up a little bit.
  • Let’s go for a coffee – I need to catch up on all the gossip.
  • I’ll catch up with you another time, Kevin.
  • It’s always good to catch up with old friends.
  • He used the train journey to catch up with/on the morning news.

As a noun, catch-up means a meeting at which people discuss what has happened since the last time that they met.

  • I’m seeing my boss for a catch-up next week.
  • I’ll leave you two alone – I’m sure you’ve got a lot of catching up to do.

For other meanings, go to https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/catch-up